In the semi-arid region of Rajasthan, thorny forests locally known as bani are commonly found in close proximity of almost every village. Within these areas, low-lying depressions called johad are formed, which collect rainwater during the rainy season. The johad and bani are under threats due to anthropogenic activities. The present study discusses the factors contributing to decline in johad and bani and its implication on groundwater. The two villages each from Churu and Jhunjhunu districts are selected for the study. It is observed that the stored water in johads is vital for daily use, especially for livestock and other domestic purposes. However, with the advent of electrification, accessing groundwater has become easier, leading to a reduced reliance on johads by the local community. Meanwhile, the growing population has driven up water demand, further exacerbating the over-exploitation of groundwater for agriculture uses. Additionally, the construction of homes along rainwater flow paths obstructs the natural movement of water to the johads, contributing to their ongoing decline. Johads not only provide essential water for human use but also play a critical role in recharging groundwater reserves. Similarly, bani also facilitates the groundwater recharge and the coverage area is continuously declining due to encroachment for the construction of houses and farming. Given their importance, the restoration of johad and bani is crucial to prevent the rapid depletion of groundwater resources in the region.

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An official publication of Society for Environment and Development (SED India)